LEAVO EFFECTS OF ANTIBIOTICS

Antibiotics:

An antibiotic is the common medical drug that helps in slowing down and killing off the growth of various bacteria. The Antibiotics are the solitary set of the antimicrobials; it is the bigger group that includes the anti-fungal, anti-parasitic drugs and the anti viral. These medications are the normally harmless to the mass, therefore consequently could be worn safely for the treatment of infections of our body. The Antibiotics are the minute molecules that have the molecular power of less than 2000. These days, the term "antibiotic" is applied to the artificial antimicrobials, as sulfa drugs. Before, people used numerous poisonous drugs for the various treatments of the bacteria and its infectivity, and demise rate was a large amount higher at that time. The Antibiotics have shaped the magical wonder for treatment of the infections in the therapeutic field. The Effectiveness of the antibiotics varies along with the place of the disease, capacity of the antibiotic is to attain the location of infection, and the potential of the bacteria to confront or inactivate the antibiotic.
The Antibiotics are frequently taken as oral medications in the form of tablets and powdered form, however sometimes it has been administered topically, in the structure of ointments and eye drops.
The resistance of Antibiotic is the capability of the various micro organisms to tolerate the property of the antibiotics. This antibiotics resistance could develop through the plasmid exchange or the gene action amongst the bacteria of the related species. When a bacterium transmits several of resistant genes, this are called as the multiresistant or it is often described as the 'super bug’. Essentially, the antibiotic resistances develop as a outcome of the natural selection.
The act of the antibiotic is an ecological force, and the bacteria’s by means of mutation allows them to stay alive and reproduce. They bypass this character to their young that are all resistant generation.
A feature that contributes to the antibiotic resistance includes the unnecessary prescriptions, the incorrect diagnosis, the inappropriate use of antibiotics in patients, and the use of the antibiotics as livestock foodstuff additives for the development. Contrasting the antibiotics, a vaccine does not make up to the resistance. The Vaccines may work by enhancing the body's standard defenses, while the antibiotics operate in the structure of body’s common defenses. Therefore antibiotics are the useful drug for lot of people suffering from various of bacterial infection all over the world.
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Antibiotics are the wonder drug that helps in reducing the pain and irritations caused by the bacterial infections, most of the antiobiotics acts as great medicaments but people have very little ideaa about the effects of antibiotics, so to know more about the antibiotics click on to http://www.concerningliving.com/

Side effects of antibiotics
Antibiotics can literally save lives and are effective in treating illnesses caused by bacterial infections. However, like all drugs, they have the potential to cause unwanted side effects. Many of these side effects are not dangerous, although they can make life miserable while the drug is being taken.
In general, antibiotics rarely cause serious side effects. The most common side effects from antibiotics are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. Fungal infections of the mouth, digestive tract and vagina can also occur with antibiotics because they destroy the protective 'good' bacteria in the body (which help prevent overgrowth of any one organism), as well as the 'bad' ones, responsible for the infection being treated.
Some people are allergic to antibiotics, particularly penicillins. Allergic reactions cause swelling of the face, itching and a skin rash and, in severe cases, breathing difficulties. Allergic reactions require prompt treatment.

Main Classes Of Antibiotics:

There are many different kinds of antibiotics. The type of antibiotics you take depends on the type of infection you have and what kind of antibiotics are known to be effective.
The main classes of antibiotics:
AminoglycosidesCephalosporinsFluoroquinolones MacrolidesPenicillinsTetracyclines
Macrolides
There are a couple of new relatives of erythromycin (azithromycin and clarithromycin) that work the same way, but kill more bugs and have slightly fewer side effects. The erythromycin-like antibiotics are also known as macrolides. Macrolides belong to the polyketide class of natural products. Macrolide antibiotics are used to treat respiratory tract infections, genital, gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue infections caused by susceptible strains of specific bacteria.
Macrolides bind with ribosomes from susceptible bacteria to prevent protein production. This action is mainly bacteriostatic, but can also be bactericidal in high concentrations. Macrolides cause very little allergy problems compared to the penicillins and cephalosporins, the biggest concern with these medicines is that they can irritate the stomach.
The most commonly-prescribed macrolides:
erythromycinclarithromycinazithromycinroxithromycin
Aminoglycosides
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used to treat infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. Aminoglycosides may be used along with penicillins or cephalosporins to give a two-pronged attack on the bacteria. Aminoglycosides work quite well, but bacteria can become resistant to them. Since aminoglycosides are broken down easily in the stomach, they can't be given by mouth and must be injected. When injected, their side effects include possible damage to the ears and to the kidneys. This can be minimized by checking the amount of the drug in the blood and adjusting the dose so that there is enough drug to kill bacteria but not too much of it. Generally, aminoglycosides are given for short time periods.
The aminoglycosides are drugs which stop bacteria from making proteins. This effect is bactericidal.
The most commonly-prescribed aminoglycosides:
amikacingentamicinkanamycinneomycinstreptomycintobramycin
Cephalosporins
Cephalosporins are grouped into "generations" by their antimicrobial properties. Cephalosporins are categorized chronically, and are therefore divided into first, second, and third generations. Currently, three generations of cephalosporins are recognized and a fourth has been proposed. Each newer generation of cephalosporins has greater gram negative antimicrobial properties than the preceding generation. The later-generation cephalosporins have greater effect against resistant bacteria.
Cephalosporins are used to treat pneumonia, strep throat, staph infections, tonsillitis, bronchitis, otitis media, various types of skin infections, gonorrhea. Cephalosporin antibiotics are also commonly used for surgical prophylaxis. Cephalosporins are closely related to the penicillins.
Cephalosporins have a bacteriocidal effect by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacteria cell wall.
The most commonly-prescribed cephalosporins:
First generation
cephazolincefadroxilcephalexincephradine
Second generation
cefaclorcefuroximecefprozil loracarbef
Third generation
cefotaxime cefiximecefpodoximeceftazidimecefdinir
Fourth generation
cefepimecefpirome
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are known as broad-spectrum antibiotics, meaning they are effective against many bacteria. Fluoroquinolones are used to treat most common urinary tract infections, skin infections, and respiratory infections (such as sinusitis, pneumonia, bronchitis). Common side effects of fluoroquinolones include mainly the digestive system: mild stomach pain or upset, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These are usually mild and go away over time. Fluoroquinolones should not be given during pregnancy.
Fluoroquinolones inhibit bacteria by interfering with their ability to make DNA. This activity makes it difficult for bacteria to multiply. This effect is bacteriocidal.
The most commonly-prescribed fluoroquinolones:
ciprofloxacingatifloxacingemifloxacinlevofloxacinmoxifloxacinnorfloxacinofloxacintrovafloxacin
Penicillins
Penicillin was the first antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1929. Penicillins are used to treat skin infections, dental infections, ear infections, respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea. Penicillins are sometimes combined with other ingredients called beta-lactamase inhibitors, which protect the penicillin from bacterial enzymes that may destroy it before it can do its work.
Penicillins are usually very safe. The greatest risk is an allergic reaction, which can be severe. People who have been allergic to cephalosporins are likely to be allergic to penicillins.
Penicillins block the construction of bacteria cell walls, causing the walls to break down, and eventually killing the bacteria.
The most commonly-prescribed penicillins:
amoxicillinampicillinbacampicillinoxacillinpenicillin
Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines are a family of antibiotics used to treat a broad spectrum of bacterial infections. Tetracyclines were discovered in the late 1940s and were extremely popular when they were first discovered. The tetracycline antibiotics have a very broad spectrum of action.
Tetracyclines are used to treat mild acne, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Lyme Disease, upper respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted diseases, typhus.
The most commonly-prescribed tetracyclines:
tetracyclinedoxycyclineminocycline
Antibiotic resistance
Antibiotics are extremely important in medicine, but unfortunately bacteria are capable of developing resistance to them. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are germs that are not killed by commonly used antibiotics. When bacteria are exposed to the same antibiotics over and over, the bacteria can change and are no longer affected by the drug.
Bacteria have number of ways how they become antibiotic-resistant. For example, they possess an internal mechanism of changing their structure so the antibiotic no longer works, they develop ways to inactivate or neutralize the antibiotic. Also bacteria can transfer the genes coding for antibiotic resistance between them, making it possible for bacteria never exposed to an antibiotic to acquire resistance from those which have. The problem of antibiotic resistance is worsened when antibiotics are used to treat disorders in which they have no efficacy (e.g. antibiotics are not effective against infections caused by viruses), and when they are used widely as prophylaxis rather than treatment.
Resistance to antibiotics poses a serious and growing problem, because some infectious diseases are becoming more difficult to treat. Resistant bacteria do not respond to the antibiotics and continue to cause infection. Some of these resistant bacteria can be treated with more powerful medicines, but there some infections that are difficult to cure even with new or experimental drugs.

About the Author
Yury Bayarski is the author of http://www.price-rx.com To read more about antibiotics, their medical uses, side effects and more please visit http://www.price-rx.com/antibiotics.shtml

How do they work?Some antibiotics for e.g. penicillins inhibit the cell wall synthesis of the bacteria, some like acyclovir inhibit the DNA synthesis, some like sulfonamides interfere with the metabolism and still others like tetracyclines inhibit protein synthesis. Similarly there are many others with different mechanism of action meant to be targeted at specific function of the bacteria or virus.
Is there any need for them?After their discovery and then introduction into the world of medicine , initially they were used judicially but nowadays as more and more antibiotics are being developed and there has been a pressure over the physicians for an aseptic environment , these type of drugs seem to be overused. This has caused many fold problems. One problem is of toxicity that means that if the dose is much larger than expected then it may lead to accumulation in the body and may even lead to death in some cases. Second problem is of hypersensitivity, which means that certain antibiotics for e.g. penicillins can cause hypersensitive reactions in the body, which at times may be quite severe. But the most important problem and the problem, which has attracted much concern among the medical fraternity, is that of resistance. Certain microorganisms for e.g. Staphylococcus are known to get quick resistance against the antibiotics and you need to be cautious before using them blindly.
What do we mean by resistance?By resistance we mean that a microorganism is either not responding or responding minimally to an antibiotic to which that microorganism used to respond earlier. There are numerous mechanisms by which they develop resistance and this may be making themselves impermeable to the drugs or making them inactive or mutating themselves, etc.
What is the latest research going on?At present the latest research that is going on is to how to reduce the use of antibiotics by using them judicially so that the microbes might not fall to the prey of resistance and then be of no use to us.
About the Author
Mansi gupta writes about Antibiotics topics. Learn more at http://www.antibiotichelp.com/

Why Antibiotics Could Make Your Candida Worse:

Candida, or Candida albicans, is a type of yeast that is generally found in the regular flora of the skin, intestinal track and the mouth, rectum, and vagina. Although Candida is naturally present in the body, it can cause problems if there is an overgrowth, resulting in Candidiasis.
Candidiasis usually occurs when there is a disruption of bacterial flora in the body, and in people who have compromised immune systems. There are different factors which can lead to Candida overgrowth such as a person’s diet. However, research is finding that prolonged use of antibiotics can also play a major role in the development of Candidiasis.
Why do antibiotics cause Candidiasis? Antibiotics are designed to eradicate the bad bacteria that cause certain diseases and infections. While antibiotics destroy bad bacteria and stop the spread of infection, they also destroy the good bacteria that help to keep the Candida in the body under control.
Prolonged or strong doses of antibiotics can lead to an imbalance in gut flora, an imbalance that allows bad bacteria, yeasts and parasites to overgrow in the stomach. If not controlled, the affected person can begin to suffer a slew of negative side effects and yeast infections including:
Oral Thrush (“oropharyngeal Candidiasis”) - is an infection that occurs along the lining of the mouth and/or the throat, and characterized by inflammation of the tongue, which is also coated with bluish-white or creamy patches.
Intetrigo – Skin irritation that is caused by two moist surfaces adjacent rubbing against one another and accompanied by a fungal or bacterial infection.
Vaginitis (“Candida vulvovaginitis” and “Moniliasis”) - Commonly referred to as a “vaginal yeast infection”, it is characterized by a thick white or yellow, odorless discharge. It often causes itching in the affected area and may cause burning or pain during intercourse.
Systemic yeast infections – Dangerous infections that often affect the vital organs of those with compromised immune systems such as people with AIDS, diabetes, or those receiving chemotherapy.
Note: Over 90% of Thrush and Vaginitis is caused by Candida overgrowth.
How can you protect yourself against developing Candidiasis from antibiotics?
Don’t take antibiotic treatment unless it is absolutely necessary – Illnesses such as the common cold, flu and sinus infections do not require antibiotics unless they prolong for more than two weeks, cause irregular symptoms, or produce a high fever.
Unfortunately, many people believe that antibiotics are a fast way to get rid of common infections. Although this may be true, those who take antibiotics for these illnesses do not allow their immune system the chance to fight off the infection and become stronger. Instead, they allow their body to become dependant on antibiotics. The result – eventually they will develop a resistance to these medications, and will require a higher dosage the next time they become sick.
In addition, antibiotic overuse is exceptionally bad for children. Children are in a state of constant growth which makes them highly susceptible to common viruses. A child who is administered antibiotics to treat every infection they experience only causes their immune system to weaken and develop poorly. Essentially, by the time they are adults, their body will depend on antibiotics to be cured from the smallest infection.
Consider holistic remedies - There are plenty of holistic and alternative drug treatments. Research different remedies and consult your doctor.
If you must take antibiotics keep the following in mind -
Eat a healthy balanced diet - limit your intake of yeast and sugar and drink plenty of water to help clean your system of impurities.
Eat yogurt – Yogurt contains active cultures that can help restore the good bacteria your body requires.
Exercise – Exercise helps keep your body and immune system strong
Talk to your doctor - Find out if you can take a lower dosage of antibiotics or complimentary treatment.

About the Author
For further information about effective herbal treatment for candida albicans symptoms please visit Naturally Eliminating Candida, where you can sign up for a free newsletter.